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Name: Thulium
Symbol: Tm
Atomic Number: 69
Atomic Mass: 168.9342 g
Number of Protons/Electrons: 69
Number of Neutrons: 100
Ionic Radius: Tm2+ / 0.94 Angstrom
Tm3+ / 0.869 Angstrom
Metal
Melting Point: 1545.0 °C
Boiling Point: 1727.0 °C
Density @ 293 K: 9.321 g/cm3
Oxide
Melting Point: 2400.0 °C
Density cubic C: 8.884 g/cm3
Formula: Tm2O3
Molecular weight: 385.87 g
Metal %: 87.55
Toxicity LD 50.PO: (rat) > 1000 mg/kg
Dehydrated Carbonate
Formula *: Tm2(CO3)3
Molecular weight: 517.90 g
Oxide %: 74.5
Anhydrous Chloride
Formula *: TmCl3
Molecular weight: 275.29 g
Oxide %: 70.1
Toxicity LD 50.PO: (mouse) 6250 mg/kg
Anhydrous Fluoride
Formula *: TmF3
Molecular weight: 225.93 g
Oxide %: 85.4
Hydroxide
Formula *: Tm(OH)3
Molecular weight: 219.96 g
Oxide %: 87.7
Dehydrated Nitrate
Formula *: Tm(NO3)3
Molecular weight: 354.95 g
Oxide %: 54.35
Dehydrated Oxalate
Formula *: Tm2(C2O4)3
Molecular weight: 601.93 g
Oxide %: 64.10
Anhydrous sulfate
Formula *: Tm2(SO4)3
Molecular weight: 626.04 g
Oxide %: 61.65
* theoretic data
| Isotope |
Demi-vie |
Tm-168
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93.1 days |
Tm-169
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Stable |
Tm-170
|
128.6 days |
Tm-171
|
1.92 years |
Tm-172
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2.65 days |
Date of discovery: 1879
Discoverer: Per Theodor Cleve
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Markets and applications
Electronics:
Medical imaging,
X-rays phosphors,
Cathode ray tubes (CRT)
Others:
Power for portable x-ray machines
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